• Lameness that may worsen with exercise

• Stiffness, particularly after rest

• Reluctance to exercise, jump, or play

• Reduced range of motion in the affected joint

• Pain or discomfort on manipulation of the joint

• Muscle loss around the affected limb in more advanced cases

Symptoms may appear gradually and can vary in severity depending on the joint involved and the extent of cartilage damage.

Treatment options depend on the severity of the condition, the joint affected, and the dog’s age and activity level.

• Conservative management

  • Restricted and controlled exercise

  • Pain relief and anti-inflammatory medication as prescribed by a veterinarian

  • Weight management to reduce joint stress

• Surgical intervention

  • Removal or treatment of damaged cartilage

  • Procedures aimed at improving joint surface healing and function

  • Typically recommended when lameness is persistent or severe

• Rehabilitation support

  • Physiotherapy to restore strength and mobility

  • Gradual return to controlled activity following treatment

Early diagnosis improves the likelihood of a positive long-term outcome.

OCD cannot always be prevented, but risk can be reduced through informed breeding and careful management during growth.

• Responsible breeding practices

  • Avoid breeding from dogs with known OCD or poor joint health

  • Consider overall structural soundness, not just appearance

• Controlled growth and nutrition

  • Feed a balanced diet suitable for large, slow-maturing breeds

  • Avoid overfeeding and excessive supplementation

• Appropriate exercise

  • Limit repetitive high-impact activity in growing puppies

  • Focus on low-impact, controlled exercise

• Weight management

  • Maintain a lean body condition to reduce joint stress

• Early veterinary assessment

  • Prompt investigation of lameness or stiffness during growth